胎儿的生长和发育过程中，有许多因素可能会影响胎儿的正常发育，从而导致胎儿畸形。一般来说，胎儿的不良发育主要分为两种类型：遗传畸形和环境因素引起的畸形。
遗传畸形是由于父母亲基因突变、重组、缺失、替换等原因而导致的，具有遗传性质，无法通过后天的环境因素改变。遗传畸形的出现时间可以上至受孕前，穿孔受孕时，也可以是受孕后胚胎发育过程中的某个时期。其中，典型的遗传畸形包括唐氏综合症、先天性心脏病、神经管畸形、肌肉病等等。
环境因素引起的畸形则是由于孕期母体受到药物、化学物质、放射线、传染病、缺氧等不良生活因素的影响，从而影响胎儿的正常发育。这类因素对胎儿的影响与期数和剂量密切相关，对胎儿畸形的影响时间也各不相同。一些常见的环境因素包括：酒精、烟草、辐射、某些药物、病毒等等。
当然，还有许多其他不良生活习惯，例如过度劳累、长时间暴露于噪音、实验室化学药品、不卫生的环境等等也会对宝宝有不良影响，最终动态影响胎儿正常发育，引起畸形。
因此，孕妇在日常生活中要特别注意，保持良好的生活习惯，保护自己和胎儿的健康。翻译过来为：
During the growth and development process of the fetus， there are many factors that may affect the normal development of the fetus， leading to fetal malformations. Generally speaking， adverse fetal development can be divided into two types: genetic malformations and environmental factors.
Genetic malformations are caused by genetic mutations， recombination， deletion， replacement and other reasons of parents， and have genetic nature， which cannot be changed by environmental factors. The appearance time of genetic malformations can be before conception， at the time of conception， or at some stage of embryonic development after conception. Typical genetic malformations include Down syndrome， congenital heart disease， neural tube malformation， muscle disease， etc.
Malformations caused by environmental factors are due to adverse life factors that affect the normal development of the fetus. These factors are closely related to the gestational age and dosage of the mother. The time of impact on fetal malformations is also different. Some common environmental factors include alcohol， tobacco， radiation， certain drugs， viruses， etc.
Of course， there are many other bad habits in life， such as excessive fatigue， long-term exposure to noise， laboratory chemicals， unsanitary environment， etc.， which will also have a negative impact on the baby， ultimately dynamically affecting the normal development of the fetus and causing malformations.
Therefore， pregnant women should pay special attention to good habits in their daily life， and protect themselves and their fetuses' health.
